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TinGull

[VSA] Volume Spread Analysis Part I

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They produce the same results. I have TradeGuider and it matches perfectly.

 

Any chance you could post a pic of a 1 year DJI daily chart with that sweet indicator? I'm away from my comp and would like to see something.

 

Thanks

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This is what I was searching for...not sure if TS has lognormal SD. I think VictorH probably had cracked it :)

 

Hello rayl54292,

 

This is my first post on this forum.

I was interested in the chart in your last post [3] and your comment about “input and brutal honestyâ€Â

 

This is my analysis of VSA in terms of looking at Volume and Standard Deviation levels.

 

The use of the Normal Standard Distribution curve can result in Negative Value Levels ( ie. for the Lower Standard Deviation levels ).

 

Volume can only be a Positive Value, hence I use a LOG Normal Distribution of Volume to assess the Standard Deviation levels. This gives levels which are always Positive. The following Amibroker Code shows what I am referring to.

I believe TG uses this approach also. Is this what you do also ?

 

All feedback on this line of thinking is most welcome.

 

Regards,

V

 

LBP = Param("Look Back", 30, 0, 100,1 );

Mean = MA(ln(V),LBP);
StD = StDev(ln(V),LBP);

xp3 = exp(mean + 3*std);
xp2 = exp(mean + 2*std);
xp1 = exp(mean + 1*std);
xm  = exp(mean);
xn1 = exp(mean - 1*std);
xn2 = exp(mean - 2*std);

Plot(xp3,"",  1,1|4096);
Plot(xp2,"",  1,1|4096);
Plot(xp1,"",  1,1|4096);
Plot(xm, "", 29,1|4096);
Plot(xn1,"",  1,1|4096);
Plot(xn2,"",  1,1|4096);

Clr = IIf(V>Ref(V,-1),29,32);
Plot(V,"",Clr,6);

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"For the haters"

 

Most people here are not haters but some who read this forum are. That's okay, the market is full of abundance and not every will find the same path to that abundance. Every now and then, however, the market does something that really reassures the VSAer of the validity of Volume Spread Analysis. Paradoxically, of course, being valid and working are not necessarily one in the same. But when one has something that is both valid and works then one can trade any market or any timeframe........

 

The following chart, shows me one reason why I must believe that VSA not only works but speaks to a fundamental truth of how markets work.

 

First notice the black line that I have drawn on the chart. This is really a key "line in the sand" area to certain market participants. Note I have no idea why and really don't care, but it is important as the chart itself tells us.

 

If we start with the first Effort to Rise bar on the left side. Note that this candle closes ABOVE the black line. Now let's back up for just a second. To get past this line (area) more volume (demand) is applied. In other words, to get past an area of support/resistance we can expect to see more volume. Which we generally can call effort. So the market has closed above this line on higher volume just after we saw a Squat which was in the body of a WRB. Note that there is no closes below this line after the Effort to Rise candle.

 

Which brings us to the next telling candle. 2 candles later we get a down candle. This candle trades lower (makes a lower low), closes lower than the previous candle and closes in the middle of its range on volume less than the previous 2 candles. In short, it is a Test. Again, where is the close? On the line. Where was the test for supply? Below the black line. So the 2 candles after the Effort candle, trade slightly below the black line, but the line holds on a closing basis. Of those two candles, the second one is a Test. At this point no other candle trades below this line. We do not know this yet, however.

 

We then get a white (open>close) WRB. This candle opens on the black line and is immediately repelled upwards away from the black line and where the previous Test found no supply. We know what WRBs represent changes in the supply/demand dynamics in the market. This is a significant WRB. I have previously stated what makes some WRB more significant than others, so I will not restate here, but one reason is size. What I now would like to see is a No Supply, Test, or Squat within the body of this WRB. We get that. Upon closer look, what do we see? This Test trades down to the black line but not below. Thus the previous test, tested for supply below the line and this next test only test to the line. But this makes sense. The first Test found no supply underneath the line and closed on the line. So the next Test should really only need to go as low as the line. Not to mention that this is where the WRB begins. And WRBs represent changes in supply/demand dynamics. Did I say that already? :)

 

This may not convince all that there are Smart Monies and syndicates involved in the market, but it has to shake the ground underneath the random walkers.

 

*** On a completely different note, Welcome Sebastian and thank you for your willingness to share and enlighten us. I believe you are giving away the keys to the kingdom and am sincerely grateful.***

5aa70e4e7fa5d_post1103.thumb.PNG.b02e49ff6fc2c31226f7a77a40e57403.PNG

Edited by mister ed
Add back chart

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JJ:

 

Very nice. I can not say this enough- Every one here is top notch. Thanks for sharing and caring as we walk this journey together. The market may be zero sum, but we are clearly made stronger by our numbers.

 

 

P.S. Is there a Metastock version in the works? ;)

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JJ:

 

Very nice. I can not say this enough- Every one here is top notch. Thanks for sharing and caring as we walk this journey together. The market may be zero sum, but we are clearly made stronger by our numbers.

 

 

P.S. Is there a Metastock version in the works? ;)

 

I'm middle notch but thanks to you guys I'm on my way to climbing to the top notch with you all. ;)

 

Awesome thread, you guys really opened my eyes to what I believe is the best way to make sense out of supply and demand. :beer:

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JJ:

 

Very nice. I can not say this enough- Every one here is top notch. Thanks for sharing and caring as we walk this journey together. The market may be zero sum, but we are clearly made stronger by our numbers.

 

 

P.S. Is there a Metastock version in the works? ;)

 

Blu-Ray seems to be able to code anything so I'd see if he could code it up for you. I don't use MS so didn't think to do it. I can give you the logic behind it if you'd like.

Thanks to Blu-Ray for figuring out all the perdy colours that I was insistent on having:)

Also he was able to take my basic code and have the 'ranges' increase with increasing volume and vice vera which tguider does. The average rage becomes wider as volume increases, very sweet.

 

Thanks BlowFish for the StdDev post.

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P.S. Is there a Metastock version in the works? ;)

 

JJ, if you can provide the logic for it then I can work to put it into Metastock, I can probably decipher the TS code, but in English would be easier!

 

PIvot, can I ask you about your analysis in post 1104 - after the initial effort to rise bar (straight after the first squat) there is a high volume bar that is basically a gravestone doji (easiest way to describe it - I know the open and close are not at the same price but only one pt apart makes it close enough for me). What are your thoughts on this bar - it would have had me looking for a down move follow through in the immediately following bars (which didn't come). If I could get your feedback on this question would be appreciated as this bar really "stuck out" for me.

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Here you go for the DJI.

 

Awesome, can't wait to install it at home later.

 

Funny to see how they buy in at the bottom with no disguise and then sell stealth mode on the way up. :cool:

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had a good day today:haha:

 

took some trend line breaks off some smaller charts in the am and got chopped pretty bad:angry:

 

-------volume based trades worked well as usual-------note to self on that one.:doh:

 

 

quick q for sebastian or pivot or whoever has a comment

 

on the chart posted i took a short on the 1015bar and was stopped on the 10:25 bar and reentered on the 10:25bar, was my sell on the 10:15 bar a valid signal and one that others would have taken

 

 

fyi i scalped mostly off the 1min chart with the 5min as my bias and would hold the other half of my scalp based off what i saw on the 5min

 

 

thanks

 

jaybird

vsa13th.thumb.JPG.5c23a2057854fcf326c2cc301c56c884.JPG

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One of my "better" scalps today

 

i am a scalper and i make a lot of turns each and every day but this was one of my better trades for the day

 

strength on bar A was going to enter on that bar but missed it

 

bar B no supply-----entered on it's close -------and WEEEEEEEEEEEEEE!!!!

 

lol

 

 

 

 

 

PURE BEAUTY

 

 

jaybird

5aa70e2bcf6a3_13thscalp.thumb.JPG.1e5ee68c61d5dba1cbbb0957518a5ed3.JPG

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http://www.megaupload.com/?d=IG95GF27

 

Es Analysis for 12th and 13th dec 25mb

 

Regards Sebastian

 

Thanks a lot Sebastian - great learning tool.

 

One thing to be aware of in this video it covers two RTH sessions, the session for Wednesday 12DEC2007 and Thursday 13DEC2007, the thing to be aware of is the rollover day on Thursday 13DEC2007. My data provider (eSignal) automatically rolled the contract (I watch ES #F, so it is continuous). So at 4.15 EST on Wednesday 12DEC2007 the closing price was for the ES Z7, but fifteen minutes later, at Globex open, 4.30 EST, the opening price, which appeared to jump 10 points (give or take) was for the ES H8, a different contract.

 

Thus, the RTH opening on Thursday 13DEC2007 at 9.30 am EST on my data was for ES H8. The data you are using there on the presentation, from IQFeed it appears, looks to have done the same thing.

 

At the close on Wednesday you point out a rally with supply coming in, ES Z7 closing at about 1490. On your chart it appears the market opens on Thursday around the same price, at about 1490 (but this is the ES H8 open, different contract) whereas in fact the ES Z7 opened at 1480 even.

 

Just thought I would point that out. It makes the rally immediately after the RTH market open on Thursday (from 1480 to 1486.50 high on ES Z7) an attempt to close the gap opened up during Globex. To see this it is necessary to be looking at ES Z7, not ES #F (which had rolled to the March contract, ES H8).

Edited by mister ed
format

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Sebastian, I just want to join the chorus of applause for your veritable tour de force. We owe you a great debt of gratitiude for sharing your knowledge with us.

 

Folks, I recommend watching this video over and over.

 

Tasuki,

You came in trumpetting your world famous indicator, up/down, ask/bid vol, green bar in red and vice versa and how it all explains VSA and enhances its value, and why folks dismissed that at the start of this thread etc, some were critical but as you mentioned many PM you with their support. Ravin also voiced that support, then you moved into moving average and VSA,

Now you are raving on about pure VSA by Sebastian.

 

Was under the distinct impression that either you were planning to start a new thread or post in here some realtime trades and demonstrate how bid/ask vol etc not only can be used in conjunction with VSA , but further explains what VSA is actually telling us about supply/demand and thus provide an extra edge in trading in realtime, not from the middle of the chart

 

Well we are still waiting withe eagerness:helloooo:

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Very nice. I can not say this enough- Every one here is top notch. Thanks for sharing and caring as we walk this journey together. The market may be zero sum, but we are clearly made stronger by our numbers.

 

Very eloquently put Pivotprofiler, great analysis on the recent post, besides currency do you trade other markets, can you put in some more details on stop loss and target levels that you trade with in realtime please. I am sure many would appreciate that.

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quick q for sebastian or pivot or whoever has a comment

 

on the chart posted i took a short on the 1015bar and was stopped on the 10:25 bar and reentered on the 10:25bar, was my sell on the 10:15 bar a valid signal and one that others would have taken

 

 

fyi i scalped mostly off the 1min chart with the 5min as my bias and would hold the other half of my scalp based off what i saw on the 5min

 

 

 

Hey jaybird, love seeing RT trades, especially when they go wrong. These are lessons that you pay for and we benefit from.

Tawe Trader on this forum likes to take trades like yours and he suggests waiting on the low of the upthrust to break with a close below it.

Your direction was correct and it's not your fault that stops were gunned for on the 10:25 bar.

See how the 10:30 bar closes below the upthrust of the 10:25? There you go.

 

I made a similar mistake yesterday. I got anxious to get the better price instead of waiting for confirmation.

 

Good trades though bro. Keep posting. I like your energy.

JJ

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had a good day today:haha:

on the chart posted i took a short on the 1015bar and was stopped on the 10:25 bar and reentered on the 10:25bar, was my sell on the 10:15 bar a valid signal and one that others would have taken

jaybird

 

You can increase your odds of not getting stopped out by waiting for a bar to close below the low of the upthrust bar, however in case there is wide range down bar, no point chasing the price there, wait for the price to bounce a little, go down to lower time frame chart and then you may get a chance to enter on a no demand bar, once again, I prefer not to go on market order on the close of the no demand bar, but on the take out of the low of the bar.

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Sebastian, I just want to join the chorus of applause for your veritable tour de force. We owe you a great debt of gratitiude for sharing your knowledge with us.

 

Folks, I recommend watching this video over and over.

 

I know I have already given my :applaud: however I just wanted to add that a resource like this (and I include all the contributions) would have saved me years of not quite getting it, shelving things, then coming back, advancing a bit, wash and repeat. There are subtleties and this stuff really helps uncovers them.

 

Cheers.

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had a good day today:haha:

 

quick q for sebastian or pivot or whoever has a comment

 

on the chart posted i took a short on the 1015bar and was stopped on the 10:25 bar and reentered on the 10:25bar, was my sell on the 10:15 bar a valid signal and one that others would have taken

 

 

 

jaybird

 

It looked good to me (Im no expert), sometimes things just need to re-test (btw I use 'test' to describe a test of supply or demand so probably wrong nomlacture). You cold say well first test was a bit high volume and with hindsight (easy with hindsight) you could see why it was re-tested. I'd have taken it. Excelent job getting back in btw!

 

EDIT: I am a bit liberal with tests in another way too. What Tom or Sebastian would probably cal a 'hidden test' I still count as a test. If price visits an area of previous supply or demand and gets rejected (on less volume) that to me is a test. Apologies if my 'sloppy' approach confuses anyone :)

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on the chart posted i took a short on the 1015bar and was stopped on the 10:25 bar and reentered on the 10:25bar, was my sell on the 10:15 bar a valid signal and one that others would have taken

 

 

jaybird

 

Good stuff Jaybird, I would have taken the trades like my Canadian friend JJ said. I don't know if anyone has picked up on it but I tend to have a bearish slant to my trading and tend to trade the short side a lot - not good I know !

 

You did well to re-enter on the 2nd upthrust, sometimes these 'double' upthrust or 'tests' are more powerful than a single upthrust.

 

I know it's easy in hindsight but concerning the first upthrust, if you look to the background (like what Sebastian talks about) and see 'weakness' you could have run with a wider stop above the first upthrust or even traded without a stop in the marketplace but with a wide mental stop, which is what I tend to do. It results in less shake-outs but you have to be confident in your analysis of the background.

 

I haven't been able to trade much this week but hopefully I will have a chart or two of interest next week.

 

A big thanks also from this Welsh FTSE trader, Sebastian - excellent video's and VSA analysis. - Darren

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Tasuki,

You came in trumpetting your world famous indicator, up/down, ask/bid vol, green bar in red and vice versa and how it all explains VSA and enhances its value, and why folks dismissed that at the start of this thread etc, some were critical but as you mentioned many PM you with their support. Ravin also voiced that support, then you moved into moving average and VSA,

Now you are raving on about pure VSA by Sebastian.

 

Was under the distinct impression that either you were planning to start a new thread or post in here some realtime trades and demonstrate how bid/ask vol etc not only can be used in conjunction with VSA , but further explains what VSA is actually telling us about supply/demand and thus provide an extra edge in trading in realtime, not from the middle of the chart

 

Well we are still waiting withe eagerness:helloooo:

 

monad,

The local surfers here in sunny southern California have an expression that's worth keeping in mind: "It's all good". In the case of Sebastian's market analysis, it's extremely good. As for my indicator, yeah, it has some value, but nothing close to an experienced eye.

 

During last night's video, Sebastian said at one point that a proper analysis can get tricky at times. Well, my indicator can sometimes help to some degree to elucidate for untrained eyes what experts see effortlessly. The attached chart gives two examples of this.

 

Sebastian said on one bar "must have been alot of selling" and yes, you can see it right on the updown volume indicator. Despite the fact that it was a nice, strong up bar, Sebastian knew from experience that there had to be alot of selling---the benefit of a trained eye. Well, for those of us who don't have the trained eye, as yet, the updown volume indicator shows you there in black and white (OK, red and green).

 

On another bar, he said, "must have been more buying than selling". Of course he was right, but if you need confirmation, the updown volume indicator shows you, plain as day.

 

Monad, I never said anything about starting a new thread. Why would I? I was just trying to make a contribution to the VSA thread, as I thought maybe my updown volume indicator could be of some benefit. Some other posters suggested a separate thread, and that's fine for them, but I never proposed anything like that. All I suggested was putting the indicator on your VSA charts and watching it for a week, see what you think.

 

Please, PLEASE, let's keep the conversation civil. Your "trumpeting" sarcasm isn't welcome, in fact, it hurts. Remember, amigo, "it's all good,"

5aa70e2c2323e_updownvolconfirmswhatSebpredicts.thumb.png.b782e4b4c84b0197be2bd4909c48c1f9.png

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I know I have already given my :applaud: however I just wanted to add that a resource like this (and I include all the contributions) would have saved me years of not quite getting it, shelving things, then coming back, advancing a bit, wash and repeat. There are subtleties and this stuff really helps uncovers them.

 

Cheers.

 

i second this tons of great info in this thread

 

sebastian again great info in your videos-----thanks

 

thanks for everyones posts concerning my trades on my last post

 

btw here are some scalps i made today most winners a couple losers

 

 

 

jaybird

14thscalps.thumb.JPG.03e59ae58664b9bc8ddb089b873804ac.JPG

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    • A custom Logarithmic Moving Average indicator for MT5 is now available for MT5 on the Metaquotes website and directly in the MT5 platform. https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/99439 The Logarithmic Moving Average indicator is a moving average that inverts the formula of an exponential moving average. Many traders are known to use logarithmic charts to analyze the lengths of price swings. The indicator in this post can be used to analyze the logarithmic value of price on a standard time scaled chart. The trader can set the following input parameters: MAPeriod [defaults to: 9] - Set to a higher number for more smoothing of price, or a lower number for faster reversal of the logarithmic moving average line study. MAShift [defaults to: 3] - Set to a higher number to reduce the amount of price crossovers, or a lower for more frequent price crossovers. Indicator line (indicator buffer) can be called with iCustom in Expert Advisors created by Expert Advisor builder software or custom coded Expert Advisors: No empty values; and No repainting.
    • A custom Semi-Log Scale Oscillator indicator is now available for MT5 on Metaquotes website and directly in the MT5 platform. https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/114705 This indicator is an anchored semi-logarithmic scale oscillator. A logarithmic scale is widely used by professional data scientists to more accurately map information collected throughout a timeframe, in the same way that MT5 maps out price data. In fact, the underlying logic of this indicator was freely obtained from an overseas biotech scientist. A log-log chart displays logarithmic values on both the x (horizontal) and y (vertical) axes, which generally produces a straight line that points up, down, or remains flat. A straight line is not very useful for trading markets because such a straight line is so smoothed that actual price values that appear over time are very far away from the line study. In contrast, a semi-log chart is only logged on one axis--generally, the y axis. Such a semi-log chart is well suited for trading markets because the time (x) axis is preserved in its original form while at the same time, providing a graduated y scale where the distance between price increments progressively increases as price rises higher (and decreases as price falls lower). This allows us to establish a zero level for a low price, clearly view trends on straighter angles, and clearly observe amplified price spikes at high prices. Accordingly, this indicator employs a semi-log scale on the y axis only. This indicator is anchored because it allows you to specify a start time for calculation of price bars. The settings are as follows: Year.Month.Day Hour:Minute - defaults to 1970.01.01 00:01 - if left on default setting, the indicator automatically detects the earliest price bar in chart history--even where the year 1970 is not in history. Notes appear in the indicator settings window. Size of first pip step to log - defaults to 135 - this default is suitable for higher timeframes such a MN1 (monthly), while 5 is suitable for lower timeframes such as M1 (minute). Ultimately, optimal settings will depend on the timeframe that you attach the indicator to, the level of price volatility within that timeframe, and start time that you choose. Remember... The semi-log formula calculates from low to high, so your start time must always be a major swing low. Again, notes appear in the indicator settings window. The standard (built-in) MT5 indicators that can be applied to the "Previous indicator's data" can be applied to this indicator. Indicator lines (indicator buffers) can be called with iCustom in Expert Advisors created by Expert Advisor builder software or custom coded Expert Advisors. The log scale Open, High, Low, and Close prices are buffers: No empty values; and No repainting.
    • A custom Gann Candles indicator is now available for MT5 on the Metaquotes website and directly in the MT5 platform. https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/126398 This Gann Candles indicator incorporates a series of W.D. Gann's strategies into a single trading indicator. Gann was a legendary trader who lived from 1878 to 1955. He started out as a cotton farmer and started trading at age 24 in 1902. His strategies included geometry, astronomy, astrology, times cycles, and ancient math. Although Gann wrote several books, none of them contain all of his strategies so it takes years of studying to learn them. He was also a devout scholar of the Bible and the ancient Greek and Egyptian cultures, and he was a 33rd degree Freemason of the Scottish Rite. In an effort to simplify what I believe are the best of Gann's strategies, I reduced them into one indicator that simply colors your preexisting price bars when those strategies are in-sync versus out-of-sync. This greatly reduces potential chart clutter. Also, I reduced the number of input settings down to only two: FastFilter, and SlowFilter Both FastFilter and SlowFilter must be set to 5 or more, as noted in the Inputs tab upon attaching the indicator to your chart. Gann Candles works on regular time-based charts (M5, M15, M20, etc.) and custom charts (Renko, range bars, etc.). The indicator does not repaint. When using the default settings, blue candles form bullish price patterns, gray candles form flat (sideways) price patterns, and white candles form bearish price patterns. The simplest way to trade Gann Candles is to buy at the close of a blue candle and exit at the close of a gray candle, and then sell at the close of a white candle and exit at the close of a gray candle.
    • A custom Anchored VWAP with Standard Deviation Bands indicator for MT5 is now available on the Metaquotes website and directly through the MT5 platform. https://www.mql5.com/en/market/product/99389 The volume weighted average price indicator is a line study indicator that shows in the main chart window of MT5. The indicator monitors the typical price and then trading volume used to automatically push the indicator line toward heavily traded prices. These prices are where the most contracts (or lots) have been traded. Then those weighted prices are averaged over a look back period, and the indicator shows the line study at those pushed prices. The indicator in this post allows the trader to set the daily start time of that look back period. This indicator automatically shows 5 daily look back periods: the currently forming period, and the 4 previous days based on that same start time. For this reason, this indicator is intended for intraday trading only. The indicator automatically shows vertical daily start time separator lines for those days as well. Both typical prices and volumes are accumulated throughout the day, and processed throughout the day. Important update: v102 of this indicator allows you to anchor the start of the VWAP and bands to the most recent major high or low, even when that high or low appears in your chart several days ago. This is how institutional traders and liquidity providers often trade markets with the VWAP. This indicator also shows 6 standard deviation bands, similarly to the way that a Bollinger Bands indicator shows such bands. The trader is able to set 3 individual standard deviation multiplier values above the volume weighted average price line study, and 3 individual standard deviation multiplier values below the volume weighted average price line study. Higher multiplier values will generate rapidly expanding standard deviation bands because again, the indicator is cumulative. The following indicator parameters can be changed by the trader in the indicator Inputs tab: Volume Type [defaults to: Real volume] - Set to Tick volume for over-the-counter markets such as most forex markets. Real volume is an additional setting for centralized markets such as the United States Chicago Mercantile Exchange. VWAP Start Hour [defaults to: 07] - Set according to broker's or broker-dealer's MT5 server time in 24 hour format. For example, in the New York, United States time zone, 07 is approximately the London, United Kingdom business open hour. VWAP Start Minute [defaults to: 00] - Set according to broker's or broker-dealer's MT5 server time in 24 hour format. For example, 00 is on the hour with no delay of minutes within that hour. StdDev Multiplier 1 [defaults to: 1.618] - Set desired standard deviation distance between the volume weighted average price line study and its nearest upper and lower bands. For example, 1.618 is a basic Fibonacci ratio. Some traders prefer 1.000 or 1.250 here. StdDev Multiplier 2 [defaults to: 3.236] - Set desired standard deviation distance between the volume weighted average price line study and its middle upper and lower bands. For example, 3.236 is 1.618 (above) + 1.618. Some traders prefer 2.000 or 1.500 here. StdDev Multiplier 3 [defaults to: 4.854] - Set desired standard deviation distance between the volume weighted average price line study and its furthest upper and lower bands. For example, 4.854 is 1.618 (above) + 3.236 (above). Some traders prefer 3.000 or 2.000 here. VWAP Color [defaults to: Aqua] - Set desired VWAP line study color. This color automatically sets the color of the start time separators as well. SD1 Color [defaults to: White] - Set desired color of nearest upper and lower standard deviation lines. SD2 Color [defaults to: White] - Set desired color of middle upper and lower standard deviation lines. SD3 Color [defaults to: White] - Set desired color of furthest upper and lower standard deviation lines. Just to clarify, popular standard deviation bands settings are: 1.618, 3.236, and 4.854; or 1.000, 2.000, and 3.000; or 1.250, 1.500, and 2.000. Examples of usage *: In a ranging (sideways) market, enter a trade at the extremes of the standard deviation bands (SD3) and exit when price returns to the VWAP line study. Trade between SD1Pos and SD1 Neg, alternately buying and selling from one standard deviation line to the other. In a trending (rising or falling) market, enter a buy when a price bar opens above the VWAP line study, and exit at the nearest standard deviation band above (SD1Pos). Optionally, repeat the same trade but substitute SD1Pos for the VWAP, and SD2Pos for SD1. Reverse for sell; or Trade all lines (VWAP, SD1Pos, SD2Pos, and SD3Pos) in the same way. Again, reverse for sell. Indicator lines (indicator buffers) can be called with iCustom in Expert Advisors created by Expert Advisor builder software or custom coded Expert Advisors: No empty values; and No repainting.
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