Jump to content

Welcome to the new Traders Laboratory! Please bear with us as we finish the migration over the next few days. If you find any issues, want to leave feedback, get in touch with us, or offer suggestions please post to the Support forum here.

  • Welcome Guests

    Welcome. You are currently viewing the forum as a guest which does not give you access to all the great features at Traders Laboratory such as interacting with members, access to all forums, downloading attachments, and eligibility to win free giveaways. Registration is fast, simple and absolutely free. Create a FREE Traders Laboratory account here.

Mr_You

Software for Automating Tape Reading?

Recommended Posts

I appreciate everyones comments. Well I've decided to just get started any way I can with whats available to me.

 

So I'm looking at MarketDelta, NeoTicker, NinjaTrader, and free/trial/cheap data feeds. Ninja Trader appears to be the most user friendly to the newb.

 

I'm studying up on Market Profile, Market Auction Theory, Supply/Demand analysis methodologies.

 

If anyone has any comments regarding these tools/methods I would be very glad to hear them. Thanks again!

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites
Isn't supply supply and demand demand? Does it matter if it is someone hedging physical goods, an arbitrager legging into a position to offset another in the cash market, a market maker reducing exposure to balance their book, a speculator punting on longer term direction....well you get the picture.

 

If I may make a point here, because I do this every day, and most of my decision making is related to a very specialized analysis of supply & demand as well as what some call "reading the tape"...

First, supply & demand always works...I have never seen a time when that principle failed

Second, reading the tape is the way I confirm that my analysis of the location of overhead supply and underlying demand is correct..(after all, we are all still human beings and subject to error in terms of our analysis)

Finally, what most call "tape reading" is actually trying to read order flow via the DOM or through a secondary indicator (volume or "cumulative" volume indicators) and while that does provide a type of information, generally speaking it is not particularly useful when push comes to shove...

What I mean is simply this....in addition to the resting orders already in the market, there are participants who are motivated to act from the sidelines when price touches a "Key Reference Area"....Using cumulative indicators, or even reading the DOM you cannot know whether they will come in or stand aside....reading the time & sales strip I CAN see this action as it happens and determine if the action is sufficient to take me where I want to go.

I bring this up because it is the synergy between supply/demand analysis (which creates the background picture) and tape reading (which confirms that my analysis is correct) that allows me to "get it right" with a high degree of accuracy. If there were automated software that could do this, I believe that information would be difficult if not impossible to keep secret for long..

 

Good Luck

Steve

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

Dear Mr You

I think you are getting confused

You started this thread with tape reading and now you'ved moved to Market Profile.

Tape reading is simply VOLUME

How is PRICE reacting to changes in VOLUME ?

Market Profile is a waste of a year!!

Your supply / demand analysis is getting closer

I would like to recommend a tape reading book "Tim Ord :The Secret Science of Price and Volume"

Its easy to read.You trade the pull backs with RULES. And you can trade breakouts.

BUT like all books, its a guide!!

Kind regards

bobcollett

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

I have seen all the latest and greatest "tape reading" software these days but none of it is all that effective imo. As far as looking at the tape all day, looking for "tape reading" specific set ups, no thanks. Watch the tape intently for a couple of days and then see if you want to shoot your head off by the end of the week.....LOL!

 

There are much better ways to see what the market order flow and limit order activity is doing to price through more simplistic visual means imo. You could use footprint style of charts or watch price/delta/up-dn tick together as candlesticks, etc.

 

There is also a new style of candlestick which incorporates various inputs (price, order flow, order book resistance, price positioning) into the price candlesticks - PROX Bars

 

PROX Bars may help traders see all this combined activity through simplistic color coding of the price bars.

TrendScalpingPROX.thumb.gif.4b7da69a3701e6310061fe775d8618bb.gif

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites
There is also a new style of candlestick which incorporates various inputs (price, order flow, order book resistance, price positioning) into the price candlesticks - PROX Bars

 

Do you have a link please?

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

I am not sure what trade platforms PROX Bars will initially be available for, but over time they may become available to some of the main platforms that most use. I am not sure what Kyle (trendscalping.com), the guy that has these new PROX Bars, is planning on doing to make these new style of price bars available in the beginning. I know he was in initial discussions with a few charting companies since he finished getting these PROX Bars set up. Kyle knows all about order flow (Delta) and order book resistance to the market driven order flow, so I like the idea of combining this info into a price bar.

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

I have seen the latest version which is ready to go and I do like the information provided all in just the price candlestick itself (I am used to looking at three separate panes for this info at present). Kyle the trader who will be bringing the PROX Bars out this month is a very simplistic minded person, who likes intraday trend following, so I think he has a good set up to work with. With all my background in Cumulative Delta based trading (over 8 years now) I was asked to test out the concept and I like the direction this is going. Between my feedback and other traders soon, doing some pre-launch testing, I think trendscalping will get a good feel for how to move forward with this idea.

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

There seem to be a few myths about reading tape rearing their heads here.

 

I will be totally honest and say that I do have my own time & sales and it is a commercial product but I have no idea what the rules are here - so I won't mention which one it is.

 

Tape reading does not involve starting at Time & Sales all day waiting for a setup. If you are a scalper, you can do that. If not, you use the tape as a confirmation tool.

 

I don't use any indicators and I think attempts to turn the tape into an indicator are fundamentally flawed. You can either put the effort in to read tape or not. There are no shortcuts. I have been asked repeatedly to put my own Time & Sales products into an indicator form but you just dumb down the information.

 

The markets are a 4 way auction.

1 - Buyers @ market

2 - Sellers @ market

3 - Bidders

4 - Offers

 

The flaw with cumulative delta is that it only shows 1 & 2. Aggressiveness comes in different forms. It does come in the form of market orders but it does very often come in the form of limit orders. When you see the number of contracts to get through a level get higher and higher it often means a short term reversal is coming. This may happen across 5 or 6 ticks on the ES and on a cumulative delta chart you will simply not see the fact that delta is rising but price isn't. Let's say delta for the day is +50,000 - the 'thickening up' on the bid might occur over 6 ticks & 5000 contracts. It'll be millimetres of difference on the chart, something that will be barely noticeable.

 

Tape reading is about changes over time. Action has a reaction. You can see the action in the market buy & sell orders. When these orders have less impact on the market, you can surmise that the people with limit orders are starting to take more contracts on board which bodes well for a reversal.

 

If you pay too much attention to delta and no attention to what the bidders/offers are doing, then you are only doing half a job of tape reading.

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

All 4 order book/order flow components should be watched.....exactly why I have stated I track Cumulative Delta and Cumulative Uptick/Downtick together. I want to see if the market order driven order flow is hitting resistance in the order book or not (how effective is the market order driven flow as it hits the book).

 

 

Price

----------

Delta

----------

Cum Up/Dn tick

 

 

(Mid Pane is price.....next lower pane is Delta......lowest pane is Cum Up/Dn tick) Images | ChartHub.com

 

Not until all THREE items are in alignment do you then have the best probabilities for linear movement of price! :)

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites
Or......if you use PROX Bars they already take into account all aspects of the order flow/order book data (market order driven order flow and limit order activity in the book). :)

 

 

Fulcrum, Are you working WITH the guy (Kyle) with the PROX bars via the trendscalping.com thing?

 

I see your website now and to me it looks VERY similar if not the same...only he has PROX bars.

 

Further, how long would it take one to learn and profit from this new style do you thing?

Edited by the_z
website

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites
Or......if you use PROX Bars they already take into account all aspects of the order flow/order book data (market order driven order flow and limit order activity in the book). :)

 

ALL ASPECTS? Really?

 

You have boiled the ENTIRE art of tape reading into a single indicator?

 

I can believe that cumulative delta has been improved upon but to say that all aspects of tape reading have been boiled down into a single indicator is disappointing coming from you.

 

As an example - tracking large traders is a key element of using tape. Actual volume is not so much the key but which side the large trades are on is. So - you could see thousands of 1 lot sell market orders going through but also 5 or 6 1000 lot buy market orders at the same time. Retailers doing one thing, institutional traders doing another.

 

There's a lot of nuance in tape reading and you will lose a lot of it by dumbing it down into an indicator. Still - this does appeal to the lowest common denominator in trading and as such will sell like hot cakes.

 

You said it yourself "Why on earth would I want to start at a Time & Sales for hours?" - well, we'd all like the make $1000 in 5 minutes a day version of trading wouldn't we?

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

The PROX Bars were a concept I have had for many months now but I never really worked on it as a focused project until recently. Kyle contacted me to see if I could get the PROX Bars built to tie in with his trend following set ups and approach (since he knows all the FulcrumTrader supply & demand event set ups and ways of tracking order flow). I spent several months working with programmers to get the PROX Bars built and functioning the way I wanted. Once they were ready, I told Kyle he could run with them for use with his trend following system.

 

I track levels of held inventory (open interest) and look for supply and demand events in what I do at FulcrumTrader. What Kyle will be doing with his TrendScalping.com is all geared towards more simplistic and at the moment trend following scalping. I do think paying attention to order flow is a critical component to determining probabilities for trade set ups. I have found in my experience that I know many order flow based traders who are profitable traders month to month, and I do not know very many price action only based traders who are profitable. I have been able to see tangible positive results with those traders that seem to stick with and pay attention to order flow activities within their trading.

 

Most of those who try and use Delta the way I do, seem to take about 20 to 30 days to grasp the various supply & demand event based set ups I use. What Kyle will be doing with the newly created PROX Bars, and his very simplified approach, should be easy to learn imo....maybe a few days. Keep in mind, what will be presented at TrendScalping is more focused on intraday scalping within trending moves......what I do has intraday and longer term based set ups (while tracking ongoing open interest of the futures instruments and the levels of held inventory).

Edited by FulcrumTrader

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites
ALL ASPECTS? Really?

 

As an example - tracking large traders is a key element of using tape. Actual volume is not so much the key but which side the large trades are on is. So - you could see thousands of 1 lot sell market orders going through but also 5 or 6 1000 lot buy market orders at the same time. Retailers doing one thing, institutional traders doing another.

 

 

I don’t know if you are trading any of the CME products, but if you are, what you think are market orders area really limit orders. The CME implemented these changes in late 2009. There is no way on tracking large market orders on any of the CME products that underwent any of the changes.

 

Is It Bots Or The Exchange Engine - PriceActionRoom's library

 

-dVL

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

BTW, the algorithmic automated trade entry programs large liquidity participants use put orders into the market this way now...........

 

[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cgpQBZF2sZQ]‪Phalanx (CIWS) Block 1B LPWS Testing and Firing‬‏ - YouTube[/ame]

 

 

They "spray" in liquidity (small lot "sequenced" trades) to MASK their entry into the market......up to 950 single lot entries in ONE SECOND capability.....woooo!

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

....and for this reason I pay attention to the Cumulative Delta AND Cumulative Uptick/downtick (of trades....NOT of volume).

 

Both of these items are logic inputs to the PROX Bars....... [ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3mBP6JVna8]‪PROX Bars Basic Intro (logic based price bars)‬‏ - YouTube[/ame]

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites
I don’t know if you are trading any of the CME products, but if you are, what you think are market orders area really limit orders. The CME implemented these changes in late 2009. There is no way on tracking large market orders on any of the CME products that underwent any of the changes.

 

Is It Bots Or The Exchange Engine - PriceActionRoom's library

 

-dVL

 

 

Well, actually there is - but I presume forum rules prevent me from :spam: pointing you in the direction of the product.

 

BTW - I'm the guy "Pete" mentioned at the start of that video :o

Share this post


Link to post
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.
Note: Your post will require moderator approval before it will be visible.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.


  • Topics

  • Posts

    • lmfx just officially launched their own LMGX token, Im planning to grab a couple of hundred and maybe have the option to stake them. 
    • Date: 2nd April 2025.   Market on Edge: Tariff Announcement and Volatility Ahead!   The US economic and employment data continues to deteriorate with the job vacancies figures dropping to a 5-month low. In addition to this, the IMS Manufacturing PMI also fell below expectations. However, both the US Dollar and Gold declined simultaneously following the release of the two figures, an uncommon occurrence in the market. Traders expect a key factor to be today’s ‘liberation day’ where the US will impose tariffs on imports. USDJPY - Traders Await Tariff Confirmation! Traders looking to determine how the USDJPY will look today will find it difficult to determine until the US confirms its tariff plan. Today is the day when Trump previously stated he would finalize and announce his tariff plan. The administration has not yet released the policy, but investors expect it to be the most expansionary in a century. President Trump is due to speak at 20:00 GMT. On HFM's Calendar the speech is stated as "US Liberation Day Tariff Announcement". Currently, analysts are expecting Trump’s Tariff Plan to impose tariffs on the EU, chips and pharmaceuticals later today as well as reciprocal tariffs. Economists have a good idea of how these tariffs may take effect, but reciprocal tariffs are still unspecified. In addition to this, 25% tariffs on the car industry will start tomorrow. The tariffs on the foreign cars industry are a factor which will particularly impact Japan. Although, traders should note that this is what is expected and is not yet finalised. Last week, President Trump stated that he would implement retaliatory tariffs but allow exemptions for certain US trade partners. Treasury Secretary Mr Bessent and National Economic Council Director Mr Hassett suggested that the restrictions would primarily target 15 countries responsible for the bulk of the US trade deficit. However, yesterday, Trump contradicted these statements, asserting that additional duties would be imposed on any country that has implemented similar measures against US products. The day’s volatility will depend on which route the US administration takes. The harshness of the policy will influence both the Japanese Yen as well as the US Dollar.   USDJPY 5-Minute Chart   US Economic and Employment Data The JOLT Job Vacancies figure fell below expectations and is lower than the previous month’s figure. The JOLT Job Vacancies read 7.57 million whereas the average of the past 6 months is 7.78 million. The ISM Manufacturing Index also fell below the key level of 50.00 and was 5 points lower than what analysts were expecting. The data is negative for the US Dollar, particularly as the latest release applies more pressure on the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates. However, this is unlikely to happen if the trade policy ignites higher and stickier inflation. In the Bank of Japan’s Governor's latest speech, Mr Ueda said that the tariffs are likely to trigger higher inflation. USDJPY Technical Analysis Currently, the Japanese Yen Index is the worst performing of the day while the US Dollar Index is more or less unchanged. However, this is something traders will continue to monitor as the EU session starts. In the 2-hour timeframe, the USDJPY is trading at the neutral level below the 75-bar EMA and 100-bar SMA. The RSI and MACD is also at the neutral level meaning traders should be open to price movements in either direction. On the smaller timeframes, such as the 5-minute timeframe, there is a slight bias towards a bullish outcome. However, this is only likely if the latest bearish swing does not drop below the 200-Bar SMA.     The key resistant level can be seen at 150.262 and the support level at 149.115. Breakout levels are at 149.988 and 149.674. Key Takeaway Points: Job vacancies hit a five-month low, and the ISM Manufacturing PMI missed expectations, adding pressure on the Federal Reserve regarding interest rate decisions. Traders await confirmation on Trump’s tariff policy, which is expected to impact the EU, chips, pharmaceuticals, and foreign car industries. The severity of the tariffs will influence both the JPY and the USD, with traders waiting for final policy details. The Japanese Yen Index is the worst index of the day while the US Dollar Index is unchanged. Always trade with strict risk management. Your capital is the single most important aspect of your trading business.   Please note that times displayed based on local time zone and are from time of writing this report.   Click HERE to access the full HFM Economic calendar.   Want to learn to trade and analyse the markets? Join our webinars and get analysis and trading ideas combined with better understanding of how markets work. Click HERE to register for FREE!   Click HERE to READ more Market news.   Michalis Efthymiou HFMarkets   Disclaimer: This material is provided as a general marketing communication for information purposes only and does not constitute an independent investment research. Nothing in this communication contains, or should be considered as containing, an investment advice or an investment recommendation or a solicitation for the purpose of buying or selling of any financial instrument. All information provided is gathered from reputable sources and any information containing an indication of past performance is not a guarantee or reliable indicator of future performance. Users acknowledge that any investment in Leveraged Products is characterized by a certain degree of uncertainty and that any investment of this nature involves a high level of risk for which the users are solely responsible and liable. We assume no liability for any loss arising from any investment made based on the information provided in this communication. This communication must not be reproduced or further distributed without our prior written permission.
    • HLF Herbalife stock, watch for a bull flag breakout above 9.02 at https://stockconsultant.com/?HLF
    • Date: 1st April 2025.   Will Gold’s Rally Hold Strong as New Trade Tariffs Take Effect Tomorrow?   Gold continues to increase in value for a sixth consecutive day and is trading more than 17% higher in 2025. Amid fear of higher inflation, a recession and the tariffs war escalating investors continue to invest into Gold pushing demand higher. The trade policy from April 2nd onwards continues to be a key factor for the whole market. Can Gold maintain its upward trend? Trade Policy From Tomorrow Onwards Starting as soon as tomorrow, a 25% tariff will be imposed on all passenger cars imported into the United States. While this White House policy is anticipated to negatively affect European industrial performance, it will also lead to higher transportation and maintenance costs for everyday American taxpayers. The negative impact expected on both the EU and US is one of the reasons investors continue to buy Gold. Additionally, last month, President Donald Trump announced reciprocal sanctions against any trade partners that impose import restrictions on US goods. Furthermore, tariffs on products from Canada and the EU could increase even more if they attempt to coordinate a response. Overall, investors continue to worry that new trade barriers will prompt retaliatory measures, particularly from China, the Eurozone, and Japan. Any retaliation is likely to escalate the trade conflict and prompt another reaction from the US. Experts at Goldman Sachs and other investment banks warn that this will lead to rising inflation and unemployment. They also caution that it could effectively halt economic growth in the US.   XAUUSD 1-Hour Chart   The Weakness In The US Dollar Another factor which is allowing the price of XAUUSD to increase in value is the US Dollar which has been unable to maintain any bullish momentum. Despite last week’s Core PCE Price Index rising to its highest level since February 2024, the US Dollar has been unable to see any significant rise in value. Due to the US Dollar and Gold's inverse correlation, the price of Gold is benefiting from the Dollar weakness. Investors worry that new trade barriers will prompt retaliatory measures from China, the Eurozone, and Japan, potentially escalating the conflict. Experts at The Goldman Sachs Group Inc. believe that such actions by the US administration will drive rising inflation and unemployment while effectively halting economic growth in the country. Can Gold Maintain Momentum? When it comes to technical analysis, the price of Gold is not trading at a price where oscillators are indicating the instrument is overbought. The Relative Strength Index currently trades at 68.88, outside of the overbought area, since Gold’s price fell 0.65% during this morning’s session. However, even with this decline, the price still remains 0.40% higher than the day’s open price. In terms of fundamental analysis, there continues to be plenty of factors indicating the price could continue to rise. However, the price movement of the week will also partially depend on the employment data from the US. The US is due to release the JOLTS Job Vacancies for February this afternoon, the ADP Non-Farm Employment Change tomorrow, and the NFP Change and Unemployment Rate on Friday. If all data reads higher than expectations, investors may look to sell to lock in profits at the high price. Key Takeaway Points: Gold’s Rally Continues – Up 17% in 2025 as investors seek safety from inflation, recession fears, and trade tensions. Trade War Impact – New US tariffs and potential retaliation from China, the EU, and Japan drive uncertainty, boosting Gold demand. Weak US Dollar – The Dollar’s struggle supports Gold’s rise due to their inverse correlation. Gold’s Outlook – Uptrend may continue, but US jobs data could trigger profit-taking. Always trade with strict risk management. Your capital is the single most important aspect of your trading business.   Please note that times displayed based on local time zone and are from time of writing this report.   Click HERE to access the full HFM Economic calendar.   Want to learn to trade and analyse the markets? Join our webinars and get analysis and trading ideas combined with better understanding of how markets work. Click HERE to register for FREE!   Click HERE to READ more Market news.   Michalis Efthymiou HFMarkets   Disclaimer: This material is provided as a general marketing communication for information purposes only and does not constitute an independent investment research. Nothing in this communication contains, or should be considered as containing, an investment advice or an investment recommendation or a solicitation for the purpose of buying or selling of any financial instrument. All information provided is gathered from reputable sources and any information containing an indication of past performance is not a guarantee or reliable indicator of future performance. Users acknowledge that any investment in Leveraged Products is characterized by a certain degree of uncertainty and that any investment of this nature involves a high level of risk for which the users are solely responsible and liable. We assume no liability for any loss arising from any investment made based on the information provided in this communication. This communication must not be reproduced or further distributed without our prior written permission.
    • Date: 31st March 2025.   Trump Confirms Tariffs on All Countries, Sending Stocks Lower.   The NASDAQ continues to trade lower due to the US confirming the latest tariffs will be on all countries. In addition to this, bearish volatility also is largely due to the higher inflation data from Friday. The NASDAQ declines to its lowest price since September 11th 2024. Core PCE Price Index - Inflation Increases Again! The PCE Price Index read 2.5% aligning with expert forecasts not triggering any alarm bells. However, the Core PCE Price Index rose from 0.3% to 0.4% MoM and from 2.7% to 2.8% YoY, signalling growing inflationary pressure. This increases the likelihood that the Federal Reserve will maintain elevated interest rates for an extended period. The NASDAQ fell 2.60% due to the higher inflation reading which is known to pressure the stock market due to pressure on consumer demand and a more hawkish Federal Reserve. Boston Fed President Susan Collins recently commented that tariffs could drive up inflation, though the long-term impact remains uncertain. She told journalists that a short-term spike is the most probable outcome but believes the current pause in monetary policy adjustments is appropriate given the prevailing uncertainties. Although, certain investment banks such as JP Morgan actually believe the Federal Reserve will be forced into cutting rates. This is due to expectations that the economy will struggle under the new trade policy. For example, JP Morgan expects the Federal Reserve to delay rate cuts but will quickly cut towards the end of 2025. Market Risk Appetite Takes a Hit! A big factor for the day is the drop in the risk appetite of investors. This can be seen from the VIX which is up almost 6%, Gold which is trading 1.30% higher and the Japanese Yen which is the day’s best performing currency. Most safe haven assets, bar the US Dollar, increase in value. It is also worth noting that all indices are decreasing in value during this morning's Asian session with the Nikkei225 and NASDAQ witnessing the strongest decline. Previously the stock market rose in value as investors heard rumours that tariffs would only be on certain countries. This bullish swing occurred between March 14th and 25th. Over the weekend, President Donald Trump indicated that the upcoming tariffs would apply to all countries, not just those with the largest trade imbalances with the US. NASDAQ - Technical Analysis In terms of technical analysis, the NASDAQ continues to obtain indications that sellers control the price action. The price opens on a bearish price gap measuring 0.30% and trades below all Moving Averages on all timeframes. The NASDAQ also trades below the VWAP and almost 100% of the most influential components (stocks) are declining in value.     The next significant support level is at $18,313, and the resistance level stands at $20,367.95. Key Takeaway Points: NASDAQ falls to its lowest since September 2024 as the US confirms tariffs on all countries, adding to inflation concerns. Core PCE inflation rises to 0.4% MoM and 2.8% YoY, increasing the likelihood of prolonged high interest rates. Investor risk appetite drops as VIX jumps 6%, gold gains 1.3%, and safe-haven assets outperform. NASDAQ shows strong bearish momentum, trading below key technical levels with support at $18,313 and resistance at $20,367.95. Always trade with strict risk management. Your capital is the single most important aspect of your trading business.   Please note that times displayed based on local time zone and are from time of writing this report.   Click HERE to access the full HFM Economic calendar.   Want to learn to trade and analyse the markets? Join our webinars and get analysis and trading ideas combined with better understanding of how markets work. Click HERE to register for FREE!   Click HERE to READ more Market news.   Michalis Efthymiou HFMarkets   Disclaimer: This material is provided as a general marketing communication for information purposes only and does not constitute an independent investment research. Nothing in this communication contains, or should be considered as containing, an investment advice or an investment recommendation or a solicitation for the purpose of buying or selling of any financial instrument. All information provided is gathered from reputable sources and any information containing an indication of past performance is not a guarantee or reliable indicator of future performance. Users acknowledge that any investment in Leveraged Products is characterized by a certain degree of uncertainty and that any investment of this nature involves a high level of risk for which the users are solely responsible and liable. We assume no liability for any loss arising from any investment made based on the information provided in this communication. This communication must not be reproduced or further distributed without our prior written permission.
×
×
  • Create New...

Important Information

By using this site, you agree to our Terms of Use.